Role of Cerebral Ganglia in Regulation of Oxygen Consumption of Freshwater Bivalve Mollusc, Indonaia Caeruleus (prashad, 1918) from Godavari River during Summer

Many exogenous factors (temperature, salinity, pH, light, oxygen tension, turbidity etc.) affect the rate of oxygen consumption in bivalve molluscs (Bayne, 1976; Samant and Agrawal, 1978). Most of the vital activities in bivalves are regulated by neuroendocrine centers. The respiratory rate data of the animals reflect their general metabolic rate. The existence of neuroendocrine modulations of metabolic rate will be the adaptive significance for the freshwater bivalves, which have to live in ever fluctuating environments. Comparatively, very little work has been done on the neuro-endocrine regulation in bivalve shell fishes and also comparatively, very less attention has been given on the role of neuroendocrine centers in respiratory metabolism, particularly from freshwater bivalves. In the field of neuro-endocrinology, such neuroendocrine control on oxygen consumption has been reported for crustaceans (Nagabhushanam and Kulkarni, 1979). Hanumante et al. (1980). The role of cerebral and visceral ganglia in the respiratory metabolism has been reported by Mane et al. (1990) for estuarine clam, Katelysia opima, Shinde (2007) for freshwater bivalve, Lamellidens corrianus, Gaikwad (2008) and Wagh (2008) for Lamellidens marginalis. In bivalve molluscs, two types of neurosecretory-cycles like sudden change in the temperature, pH and salinity after cerebral neurosecretion and long cycle related to certain activities of reproduction and metabolism. Such neurosecretory cycles from neurosecretory cells was reported by Nagabhushanam and Mane (1973) for estuarine clam, Katelysia opima and by Gaikwad (2008), Vedpathak and Wagh (2009) for freshwater bivalve, Lamellidens marginalis.